I have just finished my final examination yesterday, and I'm very free and easy after this examination! So created an event named The Best Photos in Spaces, you can visit or join this event by clicking this url: http://thebestphoto.events.live.com/. From now on, I have 11 days relax, after these days, I need to take my last exam of Advanced English, it's not very easy, but I think I can pass this exam. As a English Major, hating English, I think I have done a best job in English. At least I haven't failed in any examination. To tell you the trueth, I don't give the result of the examination a shit, but my parents is not me, they think I must have pass any exam before I leave the college, so, I do as what they want me to do.

I love the Technology of Internet and Computer, love photography, I have arised this for many times. I also told my parents and teachers that I don't want to be a English, I will drop any thing of mine if I can do one thing what I really want to do. But no matter how hard I tried were just hasted my time. So... WHAT CAN I DO?

1. Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication. To give the barest difinition, language is a means of verbal commmunication. It is instrumental, social and conventional.
2. Syntax is a subfield of linguistics that studies the sentence structure of language. It is the study of the rules governing the ways different constituents are combined to form sentences in a language, or the study of the interrelationships between elements in sentence structures. It consists of a set of rules that allow words to be combined with other words to form grammatical sentences. Or simply, it is the study of the structure and the formation of sentences.
3. Pragmatics studies how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication. it is the study of language in use. Pragmatics is the study of speaker's meaning, contextual meaning, how more gets communicated than is said, the expression of relative distance.
4. Phonology is a branch of linguistics concerned with the study of the sound patterns and sound systems of language. It aims to discover how speech sounds in a language form patterns and how these sounds are used to together and used to convey meaning in communication.
5. Morphology is a branch of grammar/linguistics which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed. Or simply it is the study of word structure and word formation.
6. Linguistics is usually defined as the science of language or, alternatively, as the scientific study of language. Itconcerns with the systematic study of language or, a discipline that describes all aspects of language and formulates theories as to how language works.
7. Psycholinguistics is the study of language in relation to the mind, with focus on the process of language production, comprehension and acquisition. It is the study of paschological aspects of language. it usually studies the psychological states and mental activity associated with the use of language. It is concerned with the relationship between language and the human mind, for example, how word, sentence, and discourse meaning are represented and computed in the mind.
8. Phonetics is the study of the phonic medium of language. It is concerned with all the speech sounds that occur in all human languages. It studies how speech sounds are produced, transmitted, and perceived.
9. Semantics is a technical term used to refer to the study of the communication of meaning through language, or simply to the study of meaning. More specifically, semantics is the study of the meaning of linguistic units, words and sentences in particular.
10. Sociolinguistics is the sub-field of linguistics that studies the relation between language and society, between the uses of language and the social structures in which the users of language live.
11. When two different forms are identical in very way except for one sound segment which occurs in the same place in the strings, the two words are said to form a minimal pair. For example, "pit" and "bit" or "pat" and "bat" are minimal pairs.
12. The Sapir - Whorf hypothesis is a theory put forward by the American anthropological linguists Sapir and Whorf which states that the way people view the world is determined wholly or partly by the structure of their native language. The strong version of the theory refers to the claim the original hypothesis makes, emphasizing the decisive role of language as the shaper of our thinking patterns. The weak version of this hypothesis is a modified type of its original theory, suggestiong that there is a correlation between language, culture, and thought,but the cross-culture differences produces in our ways of thinking are relative.
13. Early in the 20th century the Swiss linguist F. de Saussure made the distinction between langue and parole in order to single out one act of language for serious study. According to him, langue is the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community. In other words, langue is the set of conventions and rules which language users all have to abide by and, unlike parole, it is abstract and relatively stable.
14. Competence was proposed in contrast to performance by the American linguist N. Chomsky in the late 1950's. It refers to a language user's underlying knowledge about the system of rules.
15. Reference is what a linguistic form refers to in the real world; it is a matter of the relationship between the form and the reality. For example, it we say, "The dog is barking," we must be talking about a certain dog known to both the speaker and the hearer in the situation. The actual dog the word "dog" refers to in this particular situation is the reference of the word "dog".
16. Displacement, one of the design features which distinguish human language from animal systems of communication, refers to the fact that language can be used to refer to things which are present or not present, real or imagined matters in the past, present, or future, or in far-away places. It means that human language enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present(in time and space) at eh moment of communication.
17. A lingua franca is a variety of language that serves as a medium of communication among groups of people of diverse linguistic backgrounds. For this reason, a lingua franca must be an agree-upon "common tongue" used by people thrown into social contact for various purposes, such as for social or commercial purposes. A lingua franca is a variety of language that serves as a common speech for social contact among groups of people who speak different native languages or dialects.
18. Sense is concerned with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form; it is the collection of all the features of the linguistic form; it is abstract and decontextualized. In other words, it does not refer to any particular thing that exists in the real world.
19. A speech community is a group of people who form a community, and share the same language or a particular variety of language. A speech community can be as small as a family or as large as a nation.
20. Interlanguage refers to the approximat language system that a second language learner constructs which represents his or her transitional competence in the target language.
21. Inflection indicates grammatical relations by adding inflectional affixes, such as number, person, finiteness, aspect and case; and when inflectional affixes are added, the grammatical class of the stems(to which they are attached) will not change.
22. Endocentric construction is one whose distrubution is functionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents, i,e., a word or a group of words, which serves as a definable centre of head. Usally noun phrases, verb phrases and adjective phrases belong to this type.
23. Exocentric construction refers to a group of syntactically related words where none of the words is functionally equivalent to the group as a whole, that is, there is no definable "centre" or "head" inside the group. It usually includes basic sentence, prepositional phrase, predicat(verb + object) construction, and connective(be _ complement) construction.
24. Coordination is a common syntactic pattern by grouping together two or more categories of the same type with the help of a conjunction such as and, but and or. And these two or more words or phrases or clauses have equivalent syntactic status, each of the separate constituents can stand for the original construction functionally.
25. Subordination refers to the process or result of linking linguistic units so that they have different synactic status, one being dependent upon the other, and usually a constituent of the other. Thus the subordinate constituents are words which modify the head. Certainly, clauses can be used as subordinate constituents.
26. Cohesion is a concept to do with discourse or text rather than with syntax, it refers to relations of meaning that exist within the text, and defines it as a text. Discoursal/textual cohesiveness can be realized by employing various cohesive devices: conjunction, ellipsis, lexical collocation, lexical repetition, reference, substitution, etc.

A: Bonjour, Daniel! Ca Va
B: Ça va, merci, et toi?
A: Ça Va tre's bien, merci
B: Est-ce que tu cherches un appartement? C'est pour quoi?
A: C'est parce que je ne suis pas heureux dans le quartier. Je désire un nouvel appartement.
B: Ah bon, Quelle est ton adresse? (You say tu since the beginning... go on with tu)
A: J'habite un appartement sur la rue Guilin à Huangshi... Ah! Quel beau bouquet! Où et-ce que tu vas avec le bouquet???
B: Oh! C'est pour ma soeur. C'est son anniversaire!
A: Joyeux anniversaire! Est-ce qu'elle est étudiante?
B: Non, elle n'est pas étudiante. Elle est agente de voyages. Elle est la nouvelle stagiaire.
A: Ah! Quel est son prénom?
B: C'est Julie. Mais, quelle heure est-il?
A: Il est midi.
B: Je suis désolé, mais je dois y aller, maintenant...
A: Ce n'est pas grave. Enchanté. Salut et bonne journée.
B: Salut, Bonne journée.

Hi, this is my first entry on this blog, and I want to write this blog in English.

I am a Chinese guy, born in Hunan province, China, and majoy in English. The reason why I created this blog is I want to share my daily life and emotion with you my friends, and remind me what my real life is. I will write aritcles talks about the food, government, education, people, travel, history etc. in China.